Howell is clearly trying to maintain his unbeaten record in LCC, and nothing more, at least not today ...
I haven't seen Luke play 1 c4 before
Short is copying Luke's anti-Petroff strategy (2.Bc4) against Kramnik, but will it be much more effective? I can't see Big Vlad worrying too much about 3 Qe2. White can play it, of course (hey, even 2 Nf3 Qe7 can be played) - but even so, why play it?!
Finally, Naka plays homage to a great English chess player - myself, of course (I was the first player to play 9...Bd7 in that line of the Berlin in international competition, Senec 1998)